India and Germany on Monday unveiled measures to boost cooperation in areas of defence, trade, critical minerals and semiconductors, with Prime Minister Narendra Modi and Chancellor Friedrich Merz vowing to bolster overall bilateral ties to jointly navigate challenges arising out of geopolitical upheaval. The leaders announced a visa-free transit for Indian passport holders for transiting through Germany. German Chancellor Merz announced visa-free transit for Indian citizens, saying that it would further strengthen people-to-people ties between the two nations.